Some carnivorous plants evolved to eat poop instead of bugs. And they're better off for it.

The pitcher plant Nepenthes macrophylla with animal droppings stuck on the side of its tubular trap. (Image credit: Alastair Robinson) (opens in new tab)

A group of former carnivorous plants have given up catching creepy crawlies and instead feed on animal poop. And it turns out these living toilets get more nutrients from their new diet than their insect-eating cousins, a new study shows. 

Tropical pitcher plants from the genus Nepenthes are carnivorous plants with large, fluid-filled tubes that they use to trap a wide array of prey, including insects such as ants, and arachnids like spiders and scorpions, as well as occasionally larger creatures like frogs or small rodents. The plants' animal diets provide them with additional nutrients — primarily nitrogen, as well as phosphorus and carbon — which helps supplement their growth in nutrient-deficient soils. 

But a small group of pitcher plants living on the island of Borneo in Malaysia have taken things to the next level by developing a taste for animal droppings. This dietary switch was first discovered in 2009, when a study published in the journal Biology Letters (opens in new tab) revealed that mountain-dwelling pitcher plants (Nepenthes lowii) were frequently dining on feces left behind by tree shrews (Tupaia montana). Subsequent studies found more of these plants, which can also feed on droppings from rodents, birds and bats. However, until now, nobody had tested how nutritious their poop-based diet is compared with the insect-heavy diets of other pitcher plants.

In a study published Oct. 28, 2022 in the journal Annals of Botany (opens in new tab), researchers compared tissue samples from six species and four hybrids of poop-devouring pitchers from Borneo's mountains with closely related carnivorous species that live at lower altitudes. 

"We found that nitrogen capture is more than two times greater in species that capture mammal droppings than in other Nepenthes," study co-author Alastair Robinson (opens in new tab), a botanist at Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria in Australia, said in a statement (opens in new tab) released Jan. 20. Bird droppings provided slightly less nitrogen to the plants but were still more nutritious than a carnivorous diet, he added.

Related: Stop picking carnivorous penis plants, Cambodian environmental officials plead 

window.sliceComponents = window.sliceComponents || {}; externalsScriptLoaded.then(() => { window.reliableDOMContentLoaded.then(() => { var componentContainer = document.querySelector("#slice-container-imageGallery-4"); if(componentContainer) { var data = {"galleryData":[{"title":"","description":["
"],"image":{"id":"PhoEpFkzzvsrnMXU47LHdY","name":"Untitled(3).jpg","caption":"Nepenthes villosa, another of the poop-eating pitchers.","credit":{"text":"(Image credit: {subject})","subject":"Alastair Robinson"},"src":"https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/PhoEpFkzzvsrnMXU47LHdY.jpg","alt":"N. villosa","width":1600,"height":900,"srcSetSizes":[320,480,650,970,1024,1200],"sizes":{"default":"calc(100vw - 40px)","1000px":"970px"},"fullscreen":false,"lazyLoading":true,"addSEOMetaData":false,"eager":false,"removeNativeWidthRestriction":false}},{"title":"","description":["
"],"image":{"id":"sQ9jKbGp24g7PN3m9SMbTY","name":"Untitled(2).jpg","caption":"The poop-eating pitcher plant Nepenthes edwardsiana.","credit":{"text":"(Image credit: {subject})","subject":"Alastair Robinson"},"src":"https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/sQ9jKbGp24g7PN3m9SMbTY.jpg","alt":"N. edwardsiana","width":1600,"height":900,"srcSetSizes":[320,480,650,970,1024,1200],"sizes":{"default":"calc(100vw - 40px)","1000px":"970px"},"fullscreen":false,"lazyLoading":true,"addSEOMetaData":false,"eager":false,"removeNativeWidthRestriction":false}},{"title":"","description":["
"],"image":{"id":"VJwYngcArxCxmUtuhnKooY","name":"Untitled.jpg","caption":"Nepenthes burbidgeae is another pitcher plant that now eats poop.","credit":{"text":"(Image credit: {subject})","subject":"Alastair Robinson"},"src":"https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/VJwYngcArxCxmUtuhnKooY.jpg","alt":"N. burbidgeae","width":1600,"height":900,"srcSetSizes":[320,480,650,970,1024,1200],"sizes":{"default":"calc(100vw - 40px)","1000px":"970px"},"fullscreen":false,"lazyLoading":true,"addSEOMetaData":false,"eager":false,"removeNativeWidthRestriction":false}}],"progressText":"Image {currentSlide} of {totalSlides}","viewOriginalText":"View Original"}; /*! For license information please see imageGallery.js.LICENSE.txt */ var imageGallery;(()=>{var e={2986:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t,r){return t in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:r,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=r,e}function i(e){return i="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(e){return typeof e}:function(e){return e&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&e.constructor===Symbol&&e!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof e},i(e)}function s(e,t){(null==t||t>e.length)&&(t=e.length);for(var r=0,n=new Array(t);rte});var c=r(3279),u=r.n(c),h=r(6651),p=r.n(h),d=r(7314),f=r(9632),m=r.n(f);const g=function(e,t){var r=/{(\w+)}/g;if(Object.values(t).every((function(e){return"string"==typeof e}))){var n=t;return e.replaceAll(r,(function(e,t){return n[t]?n[t]:e}))}return m()(e,r,(function(e,r){return p().createElement(h.Fragment,{key:"".concat(e,"-").concat(r)},t[e]?t[e]:"{".concat(e,"}"))})).filter((function(e){return""!==e}))},b=function(){return p().createElement("svg",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",viewBox:"0 0 32 32",width:"32",height:"32"},p().createElement("path",{d:"M4.2 0l25.6 16.011L4.2 32V0z"}))},y=function(){return p().createElement("svg",{xmlns:"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg",width:"32",height:"32",viewBox:"0 0 32 32"},p().createElement("path",{d:"M31.557 12.067L31.773 0 19.791.213l.05 3.216 6.225-.115-7.347 7.39 2.422 2.434 7.34-7.382-.108 6.213 3.184.098zM.215 19.903L0 31.97l11.984-.213-.05-3.217-6.225.113 7.348-7.388-2.42-2.436-7.34 7.383L3.402 20l-3.187-.098zM20.004 31.704L32 32.001l-.293-12.059-3.195.03.154 6.263-7.396-7.44-2.407 2.42 7.389 7.43-6.174-.148-.074 3.207zM12.213.33L.22.034l.293 12.059 3.195-.032-.152-6.26 7.394 7.438 2.404-2.418L5.967 3.39l6.174.15.072-3.209z"}))};function v(e){var t,r,n="";if("string"==typeof e||"number"==typeof e)n+=e;else if("object"==typeof e)if(Array.isArray(e))for(t=0;t3&&void 0!==arguments[3]?arguments[3]:80,s=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2]?".webp":"",o=T(e),a=new RegExp(S,"i"),l=o.pathname.match(a),c="";o.pathname&&l&&(c="".concat(null==l||null===(r=l.groups)||void 0===r?void 0:r.id,"-").concat(t,"-").concat(i,".").concat(null==l||null===(n=l.groups)||void 0===n?void 0:n.ext).concat(s));var u="";return o.protocol&&o.host&&(u="".concat(o.protocol,"//").concat(o.host)),u+c}(e,i,r)," ").concat(i,"w").concat(o)})),n};var A=function(e){var t=function(e){var t,r=new RegExp(S,"i"),n=T(e).pathname.match(r);return(null==n||null===(t=n.groups)||void 0===t?void 0:t.ext)||""}(e);return"jpg"===t&&(t="jpeg"),"image/".concat(t)};const L=function e(t){return"object"===i(t)&&t.origin?e(t.origin):"string"==typeof t&&t.includes(".mos.cms.futurecdn.net")};var P=function(){var e=function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:null;return"undefined"==typeof window?null:window.ffte?e?window.ffte[e]:window.ffte:null}("staticHost");return e?"https://".concat(e).concat(_):_},D=["src","dataSrcSet","dataSrcSetWebp","imageSizes","onError"];function M(e,t){var r=Object.keys(e);if(Object.getOwnPropertySymbols){var n=Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(e);t&&(n=n.filter((function(t){return Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(e,t).enumerable}))),r.push.apply(r,n)}return r}const j=function(e){var t=e.src,r=e.alt,i=e.className,s=void 0===i?"":i,o=e.attributes,a=void 0===o?{}:o,c=e.srcSetSizes,u=void 0===c?O:c,d=e.sizes,f=void 0===d?E:d,m=e.missingImageSrc,g=void 0===m?P():m,b=e.eager,y=void 0!==b&&b,v=e.onLoad,w=void 0===v?function(){}:v,S=e.setImageRef,_=void 0===S?function(){}:S,T=e.lazyLoading,j=void 0===T||T,N=e.useOriginalUrl,I=void 0!==N&&N,q=(0,h.useRef)(null),R=(0,h.useRef)(null),B=l((0,h.useState)(s),2),H=B[0],U=B[1],z=l((0,h.useState)(!1),2),F=z[0],V=z[1],X=function(){U((function(e){return"".concat(e," loaded")})),w()},W=I?C(t):t;if(!L(W))return p().createElement("img",x({"data-hydrate":!0,key:"nomosimage ".concat(W," ").concat(r),src:W,alt:r,onLoad:X,className:H},a));if(!j)return p().createElement("img",x({"data-hydrate":!0,key:"".concat(W," ").concat(r),src:W,alt:r,onLoad:X,className:H},a));var G,$,Y,J=function(e){for(var t=1;t"!==e},e.prototype.stateBeforeTagName=function(e){"/"===e?this._state=5:""===e||1!==this.special||l(e)?this._state=1:"!"===e?(this._state=15,this.sectionStart=this._index+1):"?"===e?(this._state=17,this.sectionStart=this._index+1):this.isTagStartChar(e)?(this._state=this.xmlMode||"s"!==e&&"S"!==e?this.xmlMode||"t"!==e&&"T"!==e?3:52:32,this.sectionStart=this._index):this._state=1},e.prototype.stateInTagName=function(e){("/"===e||">"===e||l(e))&&(this.emitToken("onopentagname"),this._state=8,this._index--)},e.prototype.stateBeforeClosingTagName=function(e){l(e)||(">"===e?this._state=1:1!==this.special?4===this.special||"s"!==e&&"S"!==e?4!==this.special||"t"!==e&&"T"!==e?(this._state=1,this._index--):this._state=53:this._state=33:this.isTagStartChar(e)?(this._state=6,this.sectionStart=this._index):(this._state=20,this.sectionStart=this._index))},e.prototype.stateInClosingTagName=function(e){(">"===e||l(e))&&(this.emitToken("onclosetag"),this._state=7,this._index--)},e.prototype.stateAfterClosingTagName=function(e){">"===e&&(this._state=1,this.sectionStart=this._index+1)},e.prototype.stateBeforeAttributeName=function(e){">"===e?(this.cbs.onopentagend(),this._state=1,this.sectionStart=this._index+1):"/"===e?this._state=4:l(e)||(this._state=9,this.sectionStart=this._index)},e.prototype.stateInSelfClosingTag=function(e){">"===e?(this.cbs.onselfclosingtag(),this._state=1,this.sectionStart=this._index+1,this.special=1):l(e)||(this._state=8,this._index--)},e.prototype.stateInAttributeName=function(e){("="===e||"/"===e||">"===e||l(e))&&(this.cbs.onattribname(this.getSection()),this.sectionStart=-1,this._state=10,this._index--)},e.prototype.stateAfterAttributeName=function(e){"="===e?this._state=11:"/"===e||">"===e?(this.cbs.onattribend(void 0),this._state=8,this._index--):l(e)||(this.cbs.onattribend(void 0),this._state=9,this.sectionStart=this._index)},e.prototype.stateBeforeAttributeValue=function(e){'"'===e?(this._state=12,this.sectionStart=this._index+1):"'"===e?(this._state=13,this.sectionStart=this._index+1):l(e)||(this._state=14,this.sectionStart=this._index,this._index--)},e.prototype.handleInAttributeValue=function(e,t){e===t?(this.emitToken("onattribdata"),this.cbs.onattribend(t),this._state=8):this.decodeEntities&&"&"===e&&(this.emitToken("onattribdata"),this.baseState=this._state,this._state=62,this.sectionStart=this._index)},e.prototype.stateInAttributeValueDoubleQuotes=function(e){this.handleInAttributeValue(e,'"')},e.prototype.stateInAttributeValueSingleQuotes=function(e){this.handleInAttributeValue(e,"'")},e.prototype.stateInAttributeValueNoQuotes=function(e){l(e)||">"===e?(this.emitToken("onattribdata"),this.cbs.onattribend(null),this._state=8,this._index--):this.decodeEntities&&"&"===e&&(this.emitToken("onattribdata"),this.baseState=this._state,this._state=62,this.sectionStart=this._index)},e.prototype.stateBeforeDeclaration=function(e){this._state="["===e?23:"-"===e?18:16},e.prototype.stateInDeclaration=function(e){">"===e&&(this.cbs.ondeclaration(this.getSection()),this._state=1,this.sectionStart=this._index+1)},e.prototype.stateInProcessingInstruction=function(e){">"===e&&(this.cbs.onprocessinginstruction(this.getSection()),this._state=1,this.sectionStart=this._index+1)},e.prototype.stateBeforeComment=function(e){"-"===e?(this._state=19,this.sectionStart=this._index+1):this._state=16},e.prototype.stateInComment=function(e){"-"===e&&(this._state=21)},e.prototype.stateInSpecialComment=function(e){">"===e&&(this.cbs.oncomment(this.buffer.substring(this.sectionStart,this._index)),this._state=1,this.sectionStart=this._index+1)},e.prototype.stateAfterComment1=function(e){this._state="-"===e?22:19},e.prototype.stateAfterComment2=function(e){">"===e?(this.cbs.oncomment(this.buffer.substring(this.sectionStart,this._index-2)),this._state=1,this.sectionStart=this._index+1):"-"!==e&&(this._state=19)},e.prototype.stateBeforeCdata6=function(e){"["===e?(this._state=29,this.sectionStart=this._index+1):(this._state=16,this._index--)},e.prototype.stateInCdata=function(e){"]"===e&&(this._state=30)},e.prototype.stateAfterCdata1=function(e){this._state="]"===e?31:29},e.prototype.stateAfterCdata2=function(e){">"===e?(this.cbs.oncdata(this.buffer.substring(this.sectionStart,this._index-2)),this._state=1,this.sectionStart=this._index+1):"]"!==e&&(this._state=29)},e.prototype.stateBeforeSpecialS=function(e){"c"===e||"C"===e?this._state=34:"t"===e||"T"===e?this._state=44:(this._state=3,this._index--)},e.prototype.stateBeforeSpecialSEnd=function(e){2!==this.special||"c"!==e&&"C"!==e?3!==this.special||"t"!==e&&"T"!==e?this._state=1:this._state=48:this._state=39},e.prototype.stateBeforeSpecialLast=function(e,t){("/"===e||">"===e||l(e))&&(this.special=t),this._state=3,this._index--},e.prototype.stateAfterSpecialLast=function(e,t){">"===e||l(e)?(this.special=1,this._state=6,this.sectionStart=this._index-t,this._index--):this._state=1},e.prototype.parseFixedEntity=function(e){if(void 0===e&&(e=this.xmlMode?a.default:s.default),this.sectionStart+1=2;){var r=this.buffer.substr(e,t);if(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o.default,r))return this.emitPartial(o.default[r]),void(this.sectionStart+=t+1);t--}},e.prototype.stateInNamedEntity=function(e){";"===e?(this.parseFixedEntity(),1===this.baseState&&this.sectionStart+1{var t=Object.prototype.toString;e.exports=function(e){return t.call(e)}},5639:(e,t,r)=>{var n=r(1957),i="object"==typeof self&&self&&self.Object===Object&&self,s=n||i||Function("return this")();e.exports=s},7990:e=>{var t=/\s/;e.exports=function(e){for(var r=e.length;r--&&t.test(e.charAt(r)););return r}},3279:(e,t,r)=>{var n=r(3218),i=r(7771),s=r(4841),o=Math.max,a=Math.min;e.exports=function(e,t,r){var l,c,u,h,p,d,f=0,m=!1,g=!1,b=!0;if("function"!=typeof e)throw new TypeError("Expected a function");function y(t){var r=l,n=c;return l=c=void 0,f=t,h=e.apply(n,r)}function v(e){return f=e,p=setTimeout(x,t),m?y(e):h}function w(e){var r=e-d;return void 0===d||r>=t||r=u}function x(){var e=i();if(w(e))return S(e);p=setTimeout(x,function(e){var r=t-(e-d);return g?a(r,u-(e-f)):r}(e))}function S(e){return p=void 0,b&&l?y(e):(l=c=void 0,h)}function _(){var e=i(),r=w(e);if(l=arguments,c=this,d=e,r){if(void 0===p)return v(d);if(g)return clearTimeout(p),p=setTimeout(x,t),y(d)}return void 0===p&&(p=setTimeout(x,t)),h}return t=s(t)||0,n(r)&&(m=!!r.leading,u=(g="maxWait"in r)?o(s(r.maxWait)||0,t):u,b="trailing"in r?!!r.trailing:b),_.cancel=function(){void 0!==p&&clearTimeout(p),f=0,l=d=c=p=void 0},_.flush=function(){return void 0===p?h:S(i())},_}},3218:e=>{e.exports=function(e){var t=typeof e;return null!=e&&("object"==t||"function"==t)}},7005:e=>{e.exports=function(e){return null!=e&&"object"==typeof e}},3448:(e,t,r)=>{var n=r(4239),i=r(7005);e.exports=function(e){return"symbol"==typeof e||i(e)&&"[object Symbol]"==n(e)}},7771:(e,t,r)=>{var n=r(5639);e.exports=function(){return n.Date.now()}},4841:(e,t,r)=>{var n=r(7561),i=r(3218),s=r(3448),o=/^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i,a=/^0b[01]+$/i,l=/^0o[0-7]+$/i,c=parseInt;e.exports=function(e){if("number"==typeof e)return e;if(s(e))return NaN;if(i(e)){var t="function"==typeof e.valueOf?e.valueOf():e;e=i(t)?t+"":t}if("string"!=typeof e)return 0===e?e:+e;e=n(e);var r=a.test(e);return r||l.test(e)?c(e.slice(2),r?2:8):o.test(e)?NaN:+e}},9430:function(e,t){var r,n;void 0===(n="function"==typeof(r=function(){return function(e){function t(e){return" "===e||"\t"===e||"\n"===e||"\f"===e||"\r"===e}function r(t){var r,n=t.exec(e.substring(m));if(n)return r=n[0],m+=r.length,r}for(var n,i,s,o,a,l=e.length,c=/^[ \t\n\r\u000c]+/,u=/^[, \t\n\r\u000c]+/,h=/^[^ \t\n\r\u000c]+/,p=/[,]+$/,d=/^\d+$/,f=/^-?(?:[0-9]+|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:[eE][+-]?[0-9]+)?$/,m=0,g=[];;){if(r(u),m>=l)return g;n=r(h),i=[],","===n.slice(-1)?(n=n.replace(p,""),y()):b()}function b(){for(r(c),s="",o="in descriptor";;){if(a=e.charAt(m),"in descriptor"===o)if(t(a))s&&(i.push(s),s="",o="after descriptor");else{if(","===a)return m+=1,s&&i.push(s),void y();if("("===a)s+=a,o="in parens";else{if(""===a)return s&&i.push(s),void y();s+=a}}else if("in parens"===o)if(")"===a)s+=a,o="in descriptor";else{if(""===a)return i.push(s),void y();s+=a}else if("after descriptor"===o)if(t(a));else{if(""===a)return void y();o="in descriptor",m-=1}m+=1}}function y(){var t,r,s,o,a,l,c,u,h,p=!1,m={};for(o=0;o{"use strict";let n=r(1019);class i extends n{constructor(e){super(e),this.type="atrule"}append(...e){return this.proxyOf.nodes||(this.nodes=[]),super.append(...e)}prepend(...e){return this.proxyOf.nodes||(this.nodes=[]),super.prepend(...e)}}e.exports=i,i.default=i,n.registerAtRule(i)},9932:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";let n=r(5631);class i extends n{constructor(e){super(e),this.type="comment"}}e.exports=i,i.default=i},1019:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";let n,i,s,{isClean:o,my:a}=r(5513),l=r(4258),c=r(9932),u=r(5631);function h(e){return e.map((e=>(e.nodes&&(e.nodes=h(e.nodes)),delete e.source,e)))}function p(e){if(e[o]=!1,e.proxyOf.nodes)for(let t of e.proxyOf.nodes)p(t)}class d extends u{push(e){return e.parent=this,this.proxyOf.nodes.push(e),this}each(e){if(!this.proxyOf.nodes)return;let t,r,n=this.getIterator();for(;this.indexes[n]{let n;try{n=e(t,r)}catch(e){throw t.addToError(e)}return!1!==n&&t.walk&&(n=t.walk(e)),n}))}walkDecls(e,t){return t?e instanceof RegExp?this.walk(((r,n)=>{if("decl"===r.type&&e.test(r.prop))return t(r,n)})):this.walk(((r,n)=>{if("decl"===r.type&&r.prop===e)return t(r,n)})):(t=e,this.walk(((e,r)=>{if("decl"===e.type)return t(e,r)})))}walkRules(e,t){return t?e instanceof RegExp?this.walk(((r,n)=>{if("rule"===r.type&&e.test(r.selector))return t(r,n)})):this.walk(((r,n)=>{if("rule"===r.type&&r.selector===e)return t(r,n)})):(t=e,this.walk(((e,r)=>{if("rule"===e.type)return t(e,r)})))}walkAtRules(e,t){return t?e instanceof RegExp?this.walk(((r,n)=>{if("atrule"===r.type&&e.test(r.name))return t(r,n)})):this.walk(((r,n)=>{if("atrule"===r.type&&r.name===e)return t(r,n)})):(t=e,this.walk(((e,r)=>{if("atrule"===e.type)return t(e,r)})))}walkComments(e){return this.walk(((t,r)=>{if("comment"===t.type)return e(t,r)}))}append(...e){for(let t of e){let e=this.normalize(t,this.last);for(let t of e)this.proxyOf.nodes.push(t)}return this.markDirty(),this}prepend(...e){e=e.reverse();for(let t of e){let e=this.normalize(t,this.first,"prepend").reverse();for(let t of e)this.proxyOf.nodes.unshift(t);for(let t in this.indexes)this.indexes[t]=this.indexes[t]+e.length}return this.markDirty(),this}cleanRaws(e){if(super.cleanRaws(e),this.nodes)for(let t of this.nodes)t.cleanRaws(e)}insertBefore(e,t){let r,n=0===(e=this.index(e))&&"prepend",i=this.normalize(t,this.proxyOf.nodes[e],n).reverse();for(let t of i)this.proxyOf.nodes.splice(e,0,t);for(let t in this.indexes)r=this.indexes[t],e{t.props&&!t.props.includes(n.prop)||t.fast&&!n.value.includes(t.fast)||(n.value=n.value.replace(e,r))})),this.markDirty(),this}every(e){return this.nodes.every(e)}some(e){return this.nodes.some(e)}index(e){return"number"==typeof e?e:(e.proxyOf&&(e=e.proxyOf),this.proxyOf.nodes.indexOf(e))}get first(){if(this.proxyOf.nodes)return this.proxyOf.nodes[0]}get last(){if(this.proxyOf.nodes)return this.proxyOf.nodes[this.proxyOf.nodes.length-1]}normalize(e,t){if("string"==typeof e)e=h(n(e).nodes);else if(Array.isArray(e)){e=e.slice(0);for(let t of e)t.parent&&t.parent.removeChild(t,"ignore")}else if("root"===e.type&&"document"!==this.type){e=e.nodes.slice(0);for(let t of e)t.parent&&t.parent.removeChild(t,"ignore")}else if(e.type)e=[e];else if(e.prop){if(void 0===e.value)throw new Error("Value field is missed in node creation");"string"!=typeof e.value&&(e.value=String(e.value)),e=[new l(e)]}else if(e.selector)e=[new i(e)];else if(e.name)e=[new s(e)];else{if(!e.text)throw new Error("Unknown node type in node creation");e=[new c(e)]}return e.map((e=>(e[a]||d.rebuild(e),(e=e.proxyOf).parent&&e.parent.removeChild(e),e[o]&&p(e),void 0===e.raws.before&&t&&void 0!==t.raws.before&&(e.raws.before=t.raws.before.replace(/\S/g,"")),e.parent=this.proxyOf,e)))}getProxyProcessor(){return{set:(e,t,r)=>(e[t]===r||(e[t]=r,"name"!==t&&"params"!==t&&"selector"!==t||e.markDirty()),!0),get:(e,t)=>"proxyOf"===t?e:e[t]?"each"===t||"string"==typeof t&&t.startsWith("walk")?(...r)=>e[t](...r.map((e=>"function"==typeof e?(t,r)=>e(t.toProxy(),r):e))):"every"===t||"some"===t?r=>e[t](((e,...t)=>r(e.toProxy(),...t))):"root"===t?()=>e.root().toProxy():"nodes"===t?e.nodes.map((e=>e.toProxy())):"first"===t||"last"===t?e[t].toProxy():e[t]:e[t]}}getIterator(){this.lastEach||(this.lastEach=0),this.indexes||(this.indexes={}),this.lastEach+=1;let e=this.lastEach;return this.indexes[e]=0,e}}d.registerParse=e=>{n=e},d.registerRule=e=>{i=e},d.registerAtRule=e=>{s=e},e.exports=d,d.default=d,d.rebuild=e=>{"atrule"===e.type?Object.setPrototypeOf(e,s.prototype):"rule"===e.type?Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i.prototype):"decl"===e.type?Object.setPrototypeOf(e,l.prototype):"comment"===e.type&&Object.setPrototypeOf(e,c.prototype),e[a]=!0,e.nodes&&e.nodes.forEach((e=>{d.rebuild(e)}))}},2671:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";let n=r(4241),i=r(2868);class s extends Error{constructor(e,t,r,n,i,o){super(e),this.name="CssSyntaxError",this.reason=e,i&&(this.file=i),n&&(this.source=n),o&&(this.plugin=o),void 0!==t&&void 0!==r&&("number"==typeof t?(this.line=t,this.column=r):(this.line=t.line,this.column=t.column,this.endLine=r.line,this.endColumn=r.column)),this.setMessage(),Error.captureStackTrace&&Error.captureStackTrace(this,s)}setMessage(){this.message=this.plugin?this.plugin+": ":"",this.message+=this.file?this.file:"",void 0!==this.line&&(this.message+=":"+this.line+":"+this.column),this.message+=": "+this.reason}showSourceCode(e){if(!this.source)return"";let t=this.source;null==e&&(e=n.isColorSupported),i&&e&&(t=i(t));let r,s,o=t.split(/\r?\n/),a=Math.max(this.line-3,0),l=Math.min(this.line+2,o.length),c=String(l).length;if(e){let{bold:e,red:t,gray:i}=n.createColors(!0);r=r=>e(t(r)),s=e=>i(e)}else r=s=e=>e;return o.slice(a,l).map(((e,t)=>{let n=a+1+t,i=" "+(" "+n).slice(-c)+" | ";if(n===this.line){let t=s(i.replace(/\d/g," "))+e.slice(0,this.column-1).replace(/[^\t]/g," ");return r(">")+s(i)+e+"\n "+t+r("^")}return" "+s(i)+e})).join("\n")}toString(){let e=this.showSourceCode();return e&&(e="\n\n"+e+"\n"),this.name+": "+this.message+e}}e.exports=s,s.default=s},4258:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";let n=r(5631);class i extends n{constructor(e){e&&void 0!==e.value&&"string"!=typeof e.value&&(e={...e,value:String(e.value)}),super(e),this.type="decl"}get variable(){return this.prop.startsWith("--")||"$"===this.prop[0]}}e.exports=i,i.default=i},6461:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";let n,i,s=r(1019);class o extends s{constructor(e){super({type:"document",...e}),this.nodes||(this.nodes=[])}toResult(e={}){return new n(new i,this,e).stringify()}}o.registerLazyResult=e=>{n=e},o.registerProcessor=e=>{i=e},e.exports=o,o.default=o},250:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";let n=r(4258),i=r(7981),s=r(9932),o=r(1353),a=r(5995),l=r(1025),c=r(1675);function u(e,t){if(Array.isArray(e))return e.map((e=>u(e)));let{inputs:r,...h}=e;if(r){t=[];for(let e of r){let r={...e,__proto__:a.prototype};r.map&&(r.map={...r.map,__proto__:i.prototype}),t.push(r)}}if(h.nodes&&(h.nodes=e.nodes.map((e=>u(e,t)))),h.source){let{inputId:e,...r}=h.source;h.source=r,null!=e&&(h.source.input=t[e])}if("root"===h.type)return new l(h);if("decl"===h.type)return new n(h);if("rule"===h.type)return new c(h);if("comment"===h.type)return new s(h);if("atrule"===h.type)return new o(h);throw new Error("Unknown node type: "+e.type)}e.exports=u,u.default=u},5995:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";let{SourceMapConsumer:n,SourceMapGenerator:i}=r(209),{fileURLToPath:s,pathToFileURL:o}=r(7414),{resolve:a,isAbsolute:l}=r(9830),{nanoid:c}=r(2961),u=r(2868),h=r(2671),p=r(7981),d=Symbol("fromOffsetCache"),f=Boolean(n&&i),m=Boolean(a&&l);class g{constructor(e,t={}){if(null==e||"object"==typeof e&&!e.toString)throw new Error(`PostCSS received ${e} instead of CSS string`);if(this.css=e.toString(),"\ufeff"===this.css[0]||"￾"===this.css[0]?(this.hasBOM=!0,this.css=this.css.slice(1)):this.hasBOM=!1,t.from&&(!m||/^\w+:\/\//.test(t.from)||l(t.from)?this.file=t.from:this.file=a(t.from)),m&&f){let e=new p(this.css,t);if(e.text){this.map=e;let t=e.consumer().file;!this.file&&t&&(this.file=this.mapResolve(t))}}this.file||(this.id=""),this.map&&(this.map.file=this.from)}fromOffset(e){let t,r;if(this[d])r=this[d];else{let e=this.css.split("\n");r=new Array(e.length);let t=0;for(let n=0,i=e.length;n=t)n=r.length-1;else{let t,i=r.length-2;for(;n>1),e=r[t+1])){n=t;break}n=t+1}}return{line:n+1,col:e-r[n]+1}}error(e,t,r,n={}){let i,s,a;if(t&&"object"==typeof t){let e=t,n=r;if("number"==typeof t.offset){let n=this.fromOffset(e.offset);t=n.line,r=n.col}else t=e.line,r=e.column;if("number"==typeof n.offset){let e=this.fromOffset(n.offset);s=e.line,a=e.col}else s=n.line,a=n.column}else if(!r){let e=this.fromOffset(t);t=e.line,r=e.col}let l=this.origin(t,r,s,a);return i=l?new h(e,void 0===l.endLine?l.line:{line:l.line,column:l.column},void 0===l.endLine?l.column:{line:l.endLine,column:l.endColumn},l.source,l.file,n.plugin):new h(e,void 0===s?t:{line:t,column:r},void 0===s?r:{line:s,column:a},this.css,this.file,n.plugin),i.input={line:t,column:r,endLine:s,endColumn:a,source:this.css},this.file&&(o&&(i.input.url=o(this.file).toString()),i.input.file=this.file),i}origin(e,t,r,n){if(!this.map)return!1;let i,a,c=this.map.consumer(),u=c.originalPositionFor({line:e,column:t});if(!u.source)return!1;"number"==typeof r&&(i=c.originalPositionFor({line:r,column:n})),a=l(u.source)?o(u.source):new URL(u.source,this.map.consumer().sourceRoot||o(this.map.mapFile));let h={url:a.toString(),line:u.line,column:u.column,endLine:i&&i.line,endColumn:i&&i.column};if("file:"===a.protocol){if(!s)throw new Error("file: protocol is not available in this PostCSS build");h.file=s(a)}let p=c.sourceContentFor(u.source);return p&&(h.source=p),h}mapResolve(e){return/^\w+:\/\//.test(e)?e:a(this.map.consumer().sourceRoot||this.map.root||".",e)}get from(){return this.file||this.id}toJSON(){let e={};for(let t of["hasBOM","css","file","id"])null!=this[t]&&(e[t]=this[t]);return this.map&&(e.map={...this.map},e.map.consumerCache&&(e.map.consumerCache=void 0)),e}}e.exports=g,g.default=g,u&&u.registerInput&&u.registerInput(g)},1939:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";let{isClean:n,my:i}=r(5513),s=r(8505),o=r(7088),a=r(1019),l=r(6461),c=(r(2448),r(3632)),u=r(6939),h=r(1025);const p={document:"Document",root:"Root",atrule:"AtRule",rule:"Rule",decl:"Declaration",comment:"Comment"},d={postcssPlugin:!0,prepare:!0,Once:!0,Document:!0,Root:!0,Declaration:!0,Rule:!0,AtRule:!0,Comment:!0,DeclarationExit:!0,RuleExit:!0,AtRuleExit:!0,CommentExit:!0,RootExit:!0,DocumentExit:!0,OnceExit:!0},f={postcssPlugin:!0,prepare:!0,Once:!0};function m(e){return"object"==typeof e&&"function"==typeof e.then}function g(e){let t=!1,r=p[e.type];return"decl"===e.type?t=e.prop.toLowerCase():"atrule"===e.type&&(t=e.name.toLowerCase()),t&&e.append?[r,r+"-"+t,0,r+"Exit",r+"Exit-"+t]:t?[r,r+"-"+t,r+"Exit",r+"Exit-"+t]:e.append?[r,0,r+"Exit"]:[r,r+"Exit"]}function b(e){let t;return t="document"===e.type?["Document",0,"DocumentExit"]:"root"===e.type?["Root",0,"RootExit"]:g(e),{node:e,events:t,eventIndex:0,visitors:[],visitorIndex:0,iterator:0}}function y(e){return e[n]=!1,e.nodes&&e.nodes.forEach((e=>y(e))),e}let v={};class w{constructor(e,t,r){let n;if(this.stringified=!1,this.processed=!1,"object"!=typeof t||null===t||"root"!==t.type&&"document"!==t.type)if(t instanceof w||t instanceof c)n=y(t.root),t.map&&(void 0===r.map&&(r.map={}),r.map.inline||(r.map.inline=!1),r.map.prev=t.map);else{let e=u;r.syntax&&(e=r.syntax.parse),r.parser&&(e=r.parser),e.parse&&(e=e.parse);try{n=e(t,r)}catch(e){this.processed=!0,this.error=e}n&&!n[i]&&a.rebuild(n)}else n=y(t);this.result=new c(e,n,r),this.helpers={...v,result:this.result,postcss:v},this.plugins=this.processor.plugins.map((e=>"object"==typeof e&&e.prepare?{...e,...e.prepare(this.result)}:e))}get[Symbol.toStringTag](){return"LazyResult"}get processor(){return this.result.processor}get opts(){return this.result.opts}get css(){return this.stringify().css}get content(){return this.stringify().content}get map(){return this.stringify().map}get root(){return this.sync().root}get messages(){return this.sync().messages}warnings(){return this.sync().warnings()}toString(){return this.css}then(e,t){return this.async().then(e,t)}catch(e){return this.async().catch(e)}finally(e){return this.async().then(e,e)}async(){return this.error?Promise.reject(this.error):this.processed?Promise.resolve(this.result):(this.processing||(this.processing=this.runAsync()),this.processing)}sync(){if(this.error)throw this.error;if(this.processed)return this.result;if(this.processed=!0,this.processing)throw this.getAsyncError();for(let e of this.plugins)if(m(this.runOnRoot(e)))throw this.getAsyncError();if(this.prepareVisitors(),this.hasListener){let e=this.result.root;for(;!e[n];)e[n]=!0,this.walkSync(e);if(this.listeners.OnceExit)if("document"===e.type)for(let t of e.nodes)this.visitSync(this.listeners.OnceExit,t);else this.visitSync(this.listeners.OnceExit,e)}return this.result}stringify(){if(this.error)throw this.error;if(this.stringified)return this.result;this.stringified=!0,this.sync();let e=this.result.opts,t=o;e.syntax&&(t=e.syntax.stringify),e.stringifier&&(t=e.stringifier),t.stringify&&(t=t.stringify);let r=new s(t,this.result.root,this.result.opts).generate();return this.result.css=r[0],this.result.map=r[1],this.result}walkSync(e){e[n]=!0;let t=g(e);for(let r of t)if(0===r)e.nodes&&e.each((e=>{e[n]||this.walkSync(e)}));else{let t=this.listeners[r];if(t&&this.visitSync(t,e.toProxy()))return}}visitSync(e,t){for(let[r,n]of e){let e;this.result.lastPlugin=r;try{e=n(t,this.helpers)}catch(e){throw this.handleError(e,t.proxyOf)}if("root"!==t.type&&"document"!==t.type&&!t.parent)return!0;if(m(e))throw this.getAsyncError()}}runOnRoot(e){this.result.lastPlugin=e;try{if("object"==typeof e&&e.Once){if("document"===this.result.root.type){let t=this.result.root.nodes.map((t=>e.Once(t,this.helpers)));return m(t[0])?Promise.all(t):t}return e.Once(this.result.root,this.helpers)}if("function"==typeof e)return e(this.result.root,this.result)}catch(e){throw this.handleError(e)}}getAsyncError(){throw new Error("Use process(css).then(cb) to work with async plugins")}handleError(e,t){let r=this.result.lastPlugin;try{t&&t.addToError(e),this.error=e,"CssSyntaxError"!==e.name||e.plugin?r.postcssVersion:(e.plugin=r.postcssPlugin,e.setMessage())}catch(e){console&&console.error&&console.error(e)}return e}async runAsync(){this.plugin=0;for(let e=0;e0;){let e=this.visitTick(t);if(m(e))try{await e}catch(e){let r=t[t.length-1].node;throw this.handleError(e,r)}}}if(this.listeners.OnceExit)for(let[t,r]of this.listeners.OnceExit){this.result.lastPlugin=t;try{if("document"===e.type){let t=e.nodes.map((e=>r(e,this.helpers)));await Promise.all(t)}else await r(e,this.helpers)}catch(e){throw this.handleError(e)}}}return this.processed=!0,this.stringify()}prepareVisitors(){this.listeners={};let e=(e,t,r)=>{this.listeners[t]||(this.listeners[t]=[]),this.listeners[t].push([e,r])};for(let t of this.plugins)if("object"==typeof t)for(let r in t){if(!d[r]&&/^[A-Z]/.test(r))throw new Error(`Unknown event ${r} in ${t.postcssPlugin}. Try to update PostCSS (${this.processor.version} now).`);if(!f[r])if("object"==typeof t[r])for(let n in t[r])e(t,"*"===n?r:r+"-"+n.toLowerCase(),t[r][n]);else"function"==typeof t[r]&&e(t,r,t[r])}this.hasListener=Object.keys(this.listeners).length>0}visitTick(e){let t=e[e.length-1],{node:r,visitors:i}=t;if("root"!==r.type&&"document"!==r.type&&!r.parent)return void e.pop();if(i.length>0&&t.visitorIndex{"use strict";let t={split(e,t,r){let n=[],i="",s=!1,o=0,a=!1,l=!1;for(let r of e)l?l=!1:"\\"===r?l=!0:a?r===a&&(a=!1):'"'===r||"'"===r?a=r:"("===r?o+=1:")"===r?o>0&&(o-=1):0===o&&t.includes(r)&&(s=!0),s?(""!==i&&n.push(i.trim()),i="",s=!1):i+=r;return(r||""!==i)&&n.push(i.trim()),n},space:e=>t.split(e,[" ","\n","\t"]),comma:e=>t.split(e,[","],!0)};e.exports=t,t.default=t},8505:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";let{SourceMapConsumer:n,SourceMapGenerator:i}=r(209),{dirname:s,resolve:o,relative:a,sep:l}=r(9830),{pathToFileURL:c}=r(7414),u=r(5995),h=Boolean(n&&i),p=Boolean(s&&o&&a&&l);e.exports=class{constructor(e,t,r,n){this.stringify=e,this.mapOpts=r.map||{},this.root=t,this.opts=r,this.css=n}isMap(){return void 0!==this.opts.map?!!this.opts.map:this.previous().length>0}previous(){if(!this.previousMaps)if(this.previousMaps=[],this.root)this.root.walk((e=>{if(e.source&&e.source.input.map){let t=e.source.input.map;this.previousMaps.includes(t)||this.previousMaps.push(t)}}));else{let e=new u(this.css,this.opts);e.map&&this.previousMaps.push(e.map)}return this.previousMaps}isInline(){if(void 0!==this.mapOpts.inline)return this.mapOpts.inline;let e=this.mapOpts.annotation;return(void 0===e||!0===e)&&(!this.previous().length||this.previous().some((e=>e.inline)))}isSourcesContent(){return void 0!==this.mapOpts.sourcesContent?this.mapOpts.sourcesContent:!this.previous().length||this.previous().some((e=>e.withContent()))}clearAnnotation(){if(!1!==this.mapOpts.annotation)if(this.root){let e;for(let t=this.root.nodes.length-1;t>=0;t--)e=this.root.nodes[t],"comment"===e.type&&0===e.text.indexOf("# sourceMappingURL=")&&this.root.removeChild(t)}else this.css&&(this.css=this.css.replace(/(\n)?\/\*#[\S\s]*?\*\/$/gm,""))}setSourcesContent(){let e={};if(this.root)this.root.walk((t=>{if(t.source){let r=t.source.input.from;r&&!e[r]&&(e[r]=!0,this.map.setSourceContent(this.toUrl(this.path(r)),t.source.input.css))}}));else if(this.css){let e=this.opts.from?this.toUrl(this.path(this.opts.from)):"";this.map.setSourceContent(e,this.css)}}applyPrevMaps(){for(let e of this.previous()){let t,r=this.toUrl(this.path(e.file)),i=e.root||s(e.file);!1===this.mapOpts.sourcesContent?(t=new n(e.text),t.sourcesContent&&(t.sourcesContent=t.sourcesContent.map((()=>null)))):t=e.consumer(),this.map.applySourceMap(t,r,this.toUrl(this.path(i)))}}isAnnotation(){return!!this.isInline()||(void 0!==this.mapOpts.annotation?this.mapOpts.annotation:!this.previous().length||this.previous().some((e=>e.annotation)))}toBase64(e){return Buffer?Buffer.from(e).toString("base64"):window.btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(e)))}addAnnotation(){let e;e=this.isInline()?"data:application/json;base64,"+this.toBase64(this.map.toString()):"string"==typeof this.mapOpts.annotation?this.mapOpts.annotation:"function"==typeof this.mapOpts.annotation?this.mapOpts.annotation(this.opts.to,this.root):this.outputFile()+".map";let t="\n";this.css.includes("\r\n")&&(t="\r\n"),this.css+=t+"/*# sourceMappingURL="+e+" */"}outputFile(){return this.opts.to?this.path(this.opts.to):this.opts.from?this.path(this.opts.from):"to.css"}generateMap(){if(this.root)this.generateString();else if(1===this.previous().length){let e=this.previous()[0].consumer();e.file=this.outputFile(),this.map=i.fromSourceMap(e)}else this.map=new i({file:this.outputFile()}),this.map.addMapping({source:this.opts.from?this.toUrl(this.path(this.opts.from)):"",generated:{line:1,column:0},original:{line:1,column:0}});return this.isSourcesContent()&&this.setSourcesContent(),this.root&&this.previous().length>0&&this.applyPrevMaps(),this.isAnnotation()&&this.addAnnotation(),this.isInline()?[this.css]:[this.css,this.map]}path(e){if(0===e.indexOf("":(b+=">",!n.innerText||c||t.textFilter||(b+=q(n.innerText),j=!0)),i&&(b=y+q(b),y="")},ontext:function(e){if(D)return;const r=A[A.length-1];let n;if(r&&(n=r.tag,e=void 0!==r.innerText?r.innerText:e),"discard"!==t.disallowedTagsMode||"script"!==n&&"style"!==n){const r=q(e,!1);t.textFilter&&!j?b+=t.textFilter(r,n):j||(b+=r)}else b+=e;A.length&&(A[A.length-1].text+=e)},onclosetag:function(e){if(D){if(M--,M)return;D=!1}const r=A.pop();if(!r)return;D=!!t.enforceHtmlBoundary&&"html"===e,k--;const n=L[k];if(n){if(delete L[k],"discard"===t.disallowedTagsMode)return void r.updateParentNodeText();y=b,b=""}P[k]&&(e=P[k],delete P[k]),t.exclusiveFilter&&t.exclusiveFilter(r)?b=b.substr(0,r.tagPosition):(r.updateParentNodeMediaChildren(),r.updateParentNodeText(),-1===t.selfClosing.indexOf(e)?(b+="",n&&(b=y+q(b),y=""),j=!1):n&&(b=y,y=""))}},t.parser);return N.write(e),N.end(),b;function I(){b="",k=0,A=[],L={},P={},D=!1,M=0}function q(e,r){return"string"!=typeof e&&(e+=""),t.parser.decodeEntities&&(e=e.replace(/&/g,"&").replace(//g,">"),r&&(e=e.replace(/"/g,"""))),e=e.replace(/&(?![a-zA-Z0-9#]{1,20};)/g,"&").replace(//g,">"),r&&(e=e.replace(/"/g,""")),e}function R(e,r){const n=(r=(r=r.replace(/[\x00-\x20]+/g,"")).replace(//g,"")).match(/^([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9.\-+]*):/);if(!n)return!!r.match(/^[/\\]{2}/)&&!t.allowProtocolRelative;const i=n[1].toLowerCase();return p(t.allowedSchemesByTag,e)?-1===t.allowedSchemesByTag[e].indexOf(i):!t.allowedSchemes||-1===t.allowedSchemes.indexOf(i)}}const g={decodeEntities:!0};m.defaults={allowedTags:["address","article","aside","footer","header","h1","h2","h3","h4","h5","h6","hgroup","main","nav","section","blockquote","dd","div","dl","dt","figcaption","figure","hr","li","main","ol","p","pre","ul","a","abbr","b","bdi","bdo","br","cite","code","data","dfn","em","i","kbd","mark","q","rb","rp","rt","rtc","ruby","s","samp","small","span","strong","sub","sup","time","u","var","wbr","caption","col","colgroup","table","tbody","td","tfoot","th","thead","tr"],disallowedTagsMode:"discard",allowedAttributes:{a:["href","name","target"],img:["src","srcset","alt","title","width","height","loading"]},selfClosing:["img","br","hr","area","base","basefont","input","link","meta"],allowedSchemes:["http","https","ftp","mailto","tel"],allowedSchemesByTag:{},allowedSchemesAppliedToAttributes:["href","src","cite"],allowProtocolRelative:!0,enforceHtmlBoundary:!1},m.simpleTransform=function(e,t,r){return r=void 0===r||r,t=t||{},function(n,i){let s;if(r)for(s in t)i[s]=t[s];else i=t;return{tagName:e,attribs:i}}}},2997:e=>{"use strict";e.exports=e=>{if("string"!=typeof e)throw new TypeError("Expected a string");return e.replace(/[|\\{}()[\]^$+*?.]/g,"\\$&").replace(/-/g,"\\x2d")}},2473:e=>{"use strict";e.exports=function(){}},6651:e=>{"use strict";e.exports=window.slice.React},2081:e=>{"use strict";e.exports=window.slice.ReactDOM},2868:()=>{},4777:()=>{},9830:()=>{},209:()=>{},7414:()=>{},2961:e=>{e.exports={nanoid:(e=21)=>{let t="",r=e;for(;r--;)t+="useandom-26T198340PX75pxJACKVERYMINDBUSHWOLF_GQZbfghjklqvwyzrict"[64*Math.random()|0];return t},customAlphabet:(e,t=21)=>(r=t)=>{let n="",i=r;for(;i--;)n+=e[Math.random()*e.length|0];return n}}},3600:e=>{"use strict";e.exports=JSON.parse('{"0":65533,"128":8364,"130":8218,"131":402,"132":8222,"133":8230,"134":8224,"135":8225,"136":710,"137":8240,"138":352,"139":8249,"140":338,"142":381,"145":8216,"146":8217,"147":8220,"148":8221,"149":8226,"150":8211,"151":8212,"152":732,"153":8482,"154":353,"155":8250,"156":339,"158":382,"159":376}')},9323:e=>{"use strict";e.exports=JSON.parse('{"Aacute":"Á","aacute":"á","Abreve":"Ă","abreve":"ă","ac":"∾","acd":"∿","acE":"∾̳","Acirc":"Â","acirc":"â","acute":"´","Acy":"А","acy":"а","AElig":"Æ","aelig":"æ","af":"⁡","Afr":"𝔄","afr":"𝔞","Agrave":"À","agrave":"à","alefsym":"ℵ","aleph":"ℵ","Alpha":"Α","alpha":"α","Amacr":"Ā","amacr":"ā","amalg":"⨿","amp":"&","AMP":"&","andand":"⩕","And":"⩓","and":"∧","andd":"⩜","andslope":"⩘","andv":"⩚","ang":"∠","ange":"⦤","angle":"∠","angmsdaa":"⦨","angmsdab":"⦩","angmsdac":"⦪","angmsdad":"⦫","angmsdae":"⦬","angmsdaf":"⦭","angmsdag":"⦮","angmsdah":"⦯","angmsd":"∡","angrt":"∟","angrtvb":"⊾","angrtvbd":"⦝","angsph":"∢","angst":"Å","angzarr":"⍼","Aogon":"Ą","aogon":"ą","Aopf":"𝔸","aopf":"𝕒","apacir":"⩯","ap":"≈","apE":"⩰","ape":"≊","apid":"≋","apos":"\'","ApplyFunction":"⁡","approx":"≈","approxeq":"≊","Aring":"Å","aring":"å","Ascr":"𝒜","ascr":"𝒶","Assign":"≔","ast":"*","asymp":"≈","asympeq":"≍","Atilde":"Ã","atilde":"ã","Auml":"Ä","auml":"ä","awconint":"∳","awint":"⨑","backcong":"≌","backepsilon":"϶","backprime":"‵","backsim":"∽","backsimeq":"⋍","Backslash":"∖","Barv":"⫧","barvee":"⊽","barwed":"⌅","Barwed":"⌆","barwedge":"⌅","bbrk":"⎵","bbrktbrk":"⎶","bcong":"≌","Bcy":"Б","bcy":"б","bdquo":"„","becaus":"∵","because":"∵","Because":"∵","bemptyv":"⦰","bepsi":"϶","bernou":"ℬ","Bernoullis":"ℬ","Beta":"Β","beta":"β","beth":"ℶ","between":"≬","Bfr":"𝔅","bfr":"𝔟","bigcap":"⋂","bigcirc":"◯","bigcup":"⋃","bigodot":"⨀","bigoplus":"⨁","bigotimes":"⨂","bigsqcup":"⨆","bigstar":"★","bigtriangledown":"▽","bigtriangleup":"△","biguplus":"⨄","bigvee":"⋁","bigwedge":"⋀","bkarow":"⤍","blacklozenge":"⧫","blacksquare":"▪","blacktriangle":"▴","blacktriangledown":"▾","blacktriangleleft":"◂","blacktriangleright":"▸","blank":"␣","blk12":"▒","blk14":"░","blk34":"▓","block":"█","bne":"=⃥","bnequiv":"≡⃥","bNot":"⫭","bnot":"⌐","Bopf":"𝔹","bopf":"𝕓","bot":"⊥","bottom":"⊥","bowtie":"⋈","boxbox":"⧉","boxdl":"┐","boxdL":"╕","boxDl":"╖","boxDL":"╗","boxdr":"┌","boxdR":"╒","boxDr":"╓","boxDR":"╔","boxh":"─","boxH":"═","boxhd":"┬","boxHd":"╤","boxhD":"╥","boxHD":"╦","boxhu":"┴","boxHu":"╧","boxhU":"╨","boxHU":"╩","boxminus":"⊟","boxplus":"⊞","boxtimes":"⊠","boxul":"┘","boxuL":"╛","boxUl":"╜","boxUL":"╝","boxur":"└","boxuR":"╘","boxUr":"╙","boxUR":"╚","boxv":"│","boxV":"║","boxvh":"┼","boxvH":"╪","boxVh":"╫","boxVH":"╬","boxvl":"┤","boxvL":"╡","boxVl":"╢","boxVL":"╣","boxvr":"├","boxvR":"╞","boxVr":"╟","boxVR":"╠","bprime":"‵","breve":"˘","Breve":"˘","brvbar":"¦","bscr":"𝒷","Bscr":"ℬ","bsemi":"⁏","bsim":"∽","bsime":"⋍","bsolb":"⧅","bsol":"\\\\","bsolhsub":"⟈","bull":"•","bullet":"•","bump":"≎","bumpE":"⪮","bumpe":"≏","Bumpeq":"≎","bumpeq":"≏","Cacute":"Ć","cacute":"ć","capand":"⩄","capbrcup":"⩉","capcap":"⩋","cap":"∩","Cap":"⋒","capcup":"⩇","capdot":"⩀","CapitalDifferentialD":"ⅅ","caps":"∩︀","caret":"⁁","caron":"ˇ","Cayleys":"ℭ","ccaps":"⩍","Ccaron":"Č","ccaron":"č","Ccedil":"Ç","ccedil":"ç","Ccirc":"Ĉ","ccirc":"ĉ","Cconint":"∰","ccups":"⩌","ccupssm":"⩐","Cdot":"Ċ","cdot":"ċ","cedil":"¸","Cedilla":"¸","cemptyv":"⦲","cent":"¢","centerdot":"·","CenterDot":"·","cfr":"𝔠","Cfr":"ℭ","CHcy":"Ч","chcy":"ч","check":"✓","checkmark":"✓","Chi":"Χ","chi":"χ","circ":"ˆ","circeq":"≗","circlearrowleft":"↺","circlearrowright":"↻","circledast":"⊛","circledcirc":"⊚","circleddash":"⊝","CircleDot":"⊙","circledR":"®","circledS":"Ⓢ","CircleMinus":"⊖","CirclePlus":"⊕","CircleTimes":"⊗","cir":"○","cirE":"⧃","cire":"≗","cirfnint":"⨐","cirmid":"⫯","cirscir":"⧂","ClockwiseContourIntegral":"∲","CloseCurlyDoubleQuote":"”","CloseCurlyQuote":"’","clubs":"♣","clubsuit":"♣","colon":":","Colon":"∷","Colone":"⩴","colone":"≔","coloneq":"≔","comma":",","commat":"@","comp":"∁","compfn":"∘","complement":"∁","complexes":"ℂ","cong":"≅","congdot":"⩭","Congruent":"≡","conint":"∮","Conint":"∯","ContourIntegral":"∮","copf":"𝕔","Copf":"ℂ","coprod":"∐","Coproduct":"∐","copy":"©","COPY":"©","copysr":"℗","CounterClockwiseContourIntegral":"∳","crarr":"↵","cross":"✗","Cross":"⨯","Cscr":"𝒞","cscr":"𝒸","csub":"⫏","csube":"⫑","csup":"⫐","csupe":"⫒","ctdot":"⋯","cudarrl":"⤸","cudarrr":"⤵","cuepr":"⋞","cuesc":"⋟","cularr":"↶","cularrp":"⤽","cupbrcap":"⩈","cupcap":"⩆","CupCap":"≍","cup":"∪","Cup":"⋓","cupcup":"⩊","cupdot":"⊍","cupor":"⩅","cups":"∪︀","curarr":"↷","curarrm":"⤼","curlyeqprec":"⋞","curlyeqsucc":"⋟","curlyvee":"⋎","curlywedge":"⋏","curren":"¤","curvearrowleft":"↶","curvearrowright":"↷","cuvee":"⋎","cuwed":"⋏","cwconint":"∲","cwint":"∱","cylcty":"⌭","dagger":"†","Dagger":"‡","daleth":"ℸ","darr":"↓","Darr":"↡","dArr":"⇓","dash":"‐","Dashv":"⫤","dashv":"⊣","dbkarow":"⤏","dblac":"˝","Dcaron":"Ď","dcaron":"ď","Dcy":"Д","dcy":"д","ddagger":"‡","ddarr":"⇊","DD":"ⅅ","dd":"ⅆ","DDotrahd":"⤑","ddotseq":"⩷","deg":"°","Del":"∇","Delta":"Δ","delta":"δ","demptyv":"⦱","dfisht":"⥿","Dfr":"𝔇","dfr":"𝔡","dHar":"⥥","dharl":"⇃","dharr":"⇂","DiacriticalAcute":"´","DiacriticalDot":"˙","DiacriticalDoubleAcute":"˝","DiacriticalGrave":"`","DiacriticalTilde":"˜","diam":"⋄","diamond":"⋄","Diamond":"⋄","diamondsuit":"♦","diams":"♦","die":"¨","DifferentialD":"ⅆ","digamma":"ϝ","disin":"⋲","div":"÷","divide":"÷","divideontimes":"⋇","divonx":"⋇","DJcy":"Ђ","djcy":"ђ","dlcorn":"⌞","dlcrop":"⌍","dollar":"$","Dopf":"𝔻","dopf":"𝕕","Dot":"¨","dot":"˙","DotDot":"⃜","doteq":"≐","doteqdot":"≑","DotEqual":"≐","dotminus":"∸","dotplus":"∔","dotsquare":"⊡","doublebarwedge":"⌆","DoubleContourIntegral":"∯","DoubleDot":"¨","DoubleDownArrow":"⇓","DoubleLeftArrow":"⇐","DoubleLeftRightArrow":"⇔","DoubleLeftTee":"⫤","DoubleLongLeftArrow":"⟸","DoubleLongLeftRightArrow":"⟺","DoubleLongRightArrow":"⟹","DoubleRightArrow":"⇒","DoubleRightTee":"⊨","DoubleUpArrow":"⇑","DoubleUpDownArrow":"⇕","DoubleVerticalBar":"∥","DownArrowBar":"⤓","downarrow":"↓","DownArrow":"↓","Downarrow":"⇓","DownArrowUpArrow":"⇵","DownBreve":"̑","downdownarrows":"⇊","downharpoonleft":"⇃","downharpoonright":"⇂","DownLeftRightVector":"⥐","DownLeftTeeVector":"⥞","DownLeftVectorBar":"⥖","DownLeftVector":"↽","DownRightTeeVector":"⥟","DownRightVectorBar":"⥗","DownRightVector":"⇁","DownTeeArrow":"↧","DownTee":"⊤","drbkarow":"⤐","drcorn":"⌟","drcrop":"⌌","Dscr":"𝒟","dscr":"𝒹","DScy":"Ѕ","dscy":"ѕ","dsol":"⧶","Dstrok":"Đ","dstrok":"đ","dtdot":"⋱","dtri":"▿","dtrif":"▾","duarr":"⇵","duhar":"⥯","dwangle":"⦦","DZcy":"Џ","dzcy":"џ","dzigrarr":"⟿","Eacute":"É","eacute":"é","easter":"⩮","Ecaron":"Ě","ecaron":"ě","Ecirc":"Ê","ecirc":"ê","ecir":"≖","ecolon":"≕","Ecy":"Э","ecy":"э","eDDot":"⩷","Edot":"Ė","edot":"ė","eDot":"≑","ee":"ⅇ","efDot":"≒","Efr":"𝔈","efr":"𝔢","eg":"⪚","Egrave":"È","egrave":"è","egs":"⪖","egsdot":"⪘","el":"⪙","Element":"∈","elinters":"⏧","ell":"ℓ","els":"⪕","elsdot":"⪗","Emacr":"Ē","emacr":"ē","empty":"∅","emptyset":"∅","EmptySmallSquare":"◻","emptyv":"∅","EmptyVerySmallSquare":"▫","emsp13":" ","emsp14":" ","emsp":" ","ENG":"Ŋ","eng":"ŋ","ensp":" ","Eogon":"Ę","eogon":"ę","Eopf":"𝔼","eopf":"𝕖","epar":"⋕","eparsl":"⧣","eplus":"⩱","epsi":"ε","Epsilon":"Ε","epsilon":"ε","epsiv":"ϵ","eqcirc":"≖","eqcolon":"≕","eqsim":"≂","eqslantgtr":"⪖","eqslantless":"⪕","Equal":"⩵","equals":"=","EqualTilde":"≂","equest":"≟","Equilibrium":"⇌","equiv":"≡","equivDD":"⩸","eqvparsl":"⧥","erarr":"⥱","erDot":"≓","escr":"ℯ","Escr":"ℰ","esdot":"≐","Esim":"⩳","esim":"≂","Eta":"Η","eta":"η","ETH":"Ð","eth":"ð","Euml":"Ë","euml":"ë","euro":"€","excl":"!","exist":"∃","Exists":"∃","expectation":"ℰ","exponentiale":"ⅇ","ExponentialE":"ⅇ","fallingdotseq":"≒","Fcy":"Ф","fcy":"ф","female":"♀","ffilig":"ffi","fflig":"ff","ffllig":"ffl","Ffr":"𝔉","ffr":"𝔣","filig":"fi","FilledSmallSquare":"◼","FilledVerySmallSquare":"▪","fjlig":"fj","flat":"♭","fllig":"fl","fltns":"▱","fnof":"ƒ","Fopf":"𝔽","fopf":"𝕗","forall":"∀","ForAll":"∀","fork":"⋔","forkv":"⫙","Fouriertrf":"ℱ","fpartint":"⨍","frac12":"½","frac13":"⅓","frac14":"¼","frac15":"⅕","frac16":"⅙","frac18":"⅛","frac23":"⅔","frac25":"⅖","frac34":"¾","frac35":"⅗","frac38":"⅜","frac45":"⅘","frac56":"⅚","frac58":"⅝","frac78":"⅞","frasl":"⁄","frown":"⌢","fscr":"𝒻","Fscr":"ℱ","gacute":"ǵ","Gamma":"Γ","gamma":"γ","Gammad":"Ϝ","gammad":"ϝ","gap":"⪆","Gbreve":"Ğ","gbreve":"ğ","Gcedil":"Ģ","Gcirc":"Ĝ","gcirc":"ĝ","Gcy":"Г","gcy":"г","Gdot":"Ġ","gdot":"ġ","ge":"≥","gE":"≧","gEl":"⪌","gel":"⋛","geq":"≥","geqq":"≧","geqslant":"⩾","gescc":"⪩","ges":"⩾","gesdot":"⪀","gesdoto":"⪂","gesdotol":"⪄","gesl":"⋛︀","gesles":"⪔","Gfr":"𝔊","gfr":"𝔤","gg":"≫","Gg":"⋙","ggg":"⋙","gimel":"ℷ","GJcy":"Ѓ","gjcy":"ѓ","gla":"⪥","gl":"≷","glE":"⪒","glj":"⪤","gnap":"⪊","gnapprox":"⪊","gne":"⪈","gnE":"≩","gneq":"⪈","gneqq":"≩","gnsim":"⋧","Gopf":"𝔾","gopf":"𝕘","grave":"`","GreaterEqual":"≥","GreaterEqualLess":"⋛","GreaterFullEqual":"≧","GreaterGreater":"⪢","GreaterLess":"≷","GreaterSlantEqual":"⩾","GreaterTilde":"≳","Gscr":"𝒢","gscr":"ℊ","gsim":"≳","gsime":"⪎","gsiml":"⪐","gtcc":"⪧","gtcir":"⩺","gt":">","GT":">","Gt":"≫","gtdot":"⋗","gtlPar":"⦕","gtquest":"⩼","gtrapprox":"⪆","gtrarr":"⥸","gtrdot":"⋗","gtreqless":"⋛","gtreqqless":"⪌","gtrless":"≷","gtrsim":"≳","gvertneqq":"≩︀","gvnE":"≩︀","Hacek":"ˇ","hairsp":" ","half":"½","hamilt":"ℋ","HARDcy":"Ъ","hardcy":"ъ","harrcir":"⥈","harr":"↔","hArr":"⇔","harrw":"↭","Hat":"^","hbar":"ℏ","Hcirc":"Ĥ","hcirc":"ĥ","hearts":"♥","heartsuit":"♥","hellip":"…","hercon":"⊹","hfr":"𝔥","Hfr":"ℌ","HilbertSpace":"ℋ","hksearow":"⤥","hkswarow":"⤦","hoarr":"⇿","homtht":"∻","hookleftarrow":"↩","hookrightarrow":"↪","hopf":"𝕙","Hopf":"ℍ","horbar":"―","HorizontalLine":"─","hscr":"𝒽","Hscr":"ℋ","hslash":"ℏ","Hstrok":"Ħ","hstrok":"ħ","HumpDownHump":"≎","HumpEqual":"≏","hybull":"⁃","hyphen":"‐","Iacute":"Í","iacute":"í","ic":"⁣","Icirc":"Î","icirc":"î","Icy":"И","icy":"и","Idot":"İ","IEcy":"Е","iecy":"е","iexcl":"¡","iff":"⇔","ifr":"𝔦","Ifr":"ℑ","Igrave":"Ì","igrave":"ì","ii":"ⅈ","iiiint":"⨌","iiint":"∭","iinfin":"⧜","iiota":"℩","IJlig":"IJ","ijlig":"ij","Imacr":"Ī","imacr":"ī","image":"ℑ","ImaginaryI":"ⅈ","imagline":"ℐ","imagpart":"ℑ","imath":"ı","Im":"ℑ","imof":"⊷","imped":"Ƶ","Implies":"⇒","incare":"℅","in":"∈","infin":"∞","infintie":"⧝","inodot":"ı","intcal":"⊺","int":"∫","Int":"∬","integers":"ℤ","Integral":"∫","intercal":"⊺","Intersection":"⋂","intlarhk":"⨗","intprod":"⨼","InvisibleComma":"⁣","InvisibleTimes":"⁢","IOcy":"Ё","iocy":"ё","Iogon":"Į","iogon":"į","Iopf":"𝕀","iopf":"𝕚","Iota":"Ι","iota":"ι","iprod":"⨼","iquest":"¿","iscr":"𝒾","Iscr":"ℐ","isin":"∈","isindot":"⋵","isinE":"⋹","isins":"⋴","isinsv":"⋳","isinv":"∈","it":"⁢","Itilde":"Ĩ","itilde":"ĩ","Iukcy":"І","iukcy":"і","Iuml":"Ï","iuml":"ï","Jcirc":"Ĵ","jcirc":"ĵ","Jcy":"Й","jcy":"й","Jfr":"𝔍","jfr":"𝔧","jmath":"ȷ","Jopf":"𝕁","jopf":"𝕛","Jscr":"𝒥","jscr":"𝒿","Jsercy":"Ј","jsercy":"ј","Jukcy":"Є","jukcy":"є","Kappa":"Κ","kappa":"κ","kappav":"ϰ","Kcedil":"Ķ","kcedil":"ķ","Kcy":"К","kcy":"к","Kfr":"𝔎","kfr":"𝔨","kgreen":"ĸ","KHcy":"Х","khcy":"х","KJcy":"Ќ","kjcy":"ќ","Kopf":"𝕂","kopf":"𝕜","Kscr":"𝒦","kscr":"𝓀","lAarr":"⇚","Lacute":"Ĺ","lacute":"ĺ","laemptyv":"⦴","lagran":"ℒ","Lambda":"Λ","lambda":"λ","lang":"⟨","Lang":"⟪","langd":"⦑","langle":"⟨","lap":"⪅","Laplacetrf":"ℒ","laquo":"«","larrb":"⇤","larrbfs":"⤟","larr":"←","Larr":"↞","lArr":"⇐","larrfs":"⤝","larrhk":"↩","larrlp":"↫","larrpl":"⤹","larrsim":"⥳","larrtl":"↢","latail":"⤙","lAtail":"⤛","lat":"⪫","late":"⪭","lates":"⪭︀","lbarr":"⤌","lBarr":"⤎","lbbrk":"❲","lbrace":"{","lbrack":"[","lbrke":"⦋","lbrksld":"⦏","lbrkslu":"⦍","Lcaron":"Ľ","lcaron":"ľ","Lcedil":"Ļ","lcedil":"ļ","lceil":"⌈","lcub":"{","Lcy":"Л","lcy":"л","ldca":"⤶","ldquo":"“","ldquor":"„","ldrdhar":"⥧","ldrushar":"⥋","ldsh":"↲","le":"≤","lE":"≦","LeftAngleBracket":"⟨","LeftArrowBar":"⇤","leftarrow":"←","LeftArrow":"←","Leftarrow":"⇐","LeftArrowRightArrow":"⇆","leftarrowtail":"↢","LeftCeiling":"⌈","LeftDoubleBracket":"⟦","LeftDownTeeVector":"⥡","LeftDownVectorBar":"⥙","LeftDownVector":"⇃","LeftFloor":"⌊","leftharpoondown":"↽","leftharpoonup":"↼","leftleftarrows":"⇇","leftrightarrow":"↔","LeftRightArrow":"↔","Leftrightarrow":"⇔","leftrightarrows":"⇆","leftrightharpoons":"⇋","leftrightsquigarrow":"↭","LeftRightVector":"⥎","LeftTeeArrow":"↤","LeftTee":"⊣","LeftTeeVector":"⥚","leftthreetimes":"⋋","LeftTriangleBar":"⧏","LeftTriangle":"⊲","LeftTriangleEqual":"⊴","LeftUpDownVector":"⥑","LeftUpTeeVector":"⥠","LeftUpVectorBar":"⥘","LeftUpVector":"↿","LeftVectorBar":"⥒","LeftVector":"↼","lEg":"⪋","leg":"⋚","leq":"≤","leqq":"≦","leqslant":"⩽","lescc":"⪨","les":"⩽","lesdot":"⩿","lesdoto":"⪁","lesdotor":"⪃","lesg":"⋚︀","lesges":"⪓","lessapprox":"⪅","lessdot":"⋖","lesseqgtr":"⋚","lesseqqgtr":"⪋","LessEqualGreater":"⋚","LessFullEqual":"≦","LessGreater":"≶","lessgtr":"≶","LessLess":"⪡","lesssim":"≲","LessSlantEqual":"⩽","LessTilde":"≲","lfisht":"⥼","lfloor":"⌊","Lfr":"𝔏","lfr":"𝔩","lg":"≶","lgE":"⪑","lHar":"⥢","lhard":"↽","lharu":"↼","lharul":"⥪","lhblk":"▄","LJcy":"Љ","ljcy":"љ","llarr":"⇇","ll":"≪","Ll":"⋘","llcorner":"⌞","Lleftarrow":"⇚","llhard":"⥫","lltri":"◺","Lmidot":"Ŀ","lmidot":"ŀ","lmoustache":"⎰","lmoust":"⎰","lnap":"⪉","lnapprox":"⪉","lne":"⪇","lnE":"≨","lneq":"⪇","lneqq":"≨","lnsim":"⋦","loang":"⟬","loarr":"⇽","lobrk":"⟦","longleftarrow":"⟵","LongLeftArrow":"⟵","Longleftarrow":"⟸","longleftrightarrow":"⟷","LongLeftRightArrow":"⟷","Longleftrightarrow":"⟺","longmapsto":"⟼","longrightarrow":"⟶","LongRightArrow":"⟶","Longrightarrow":"⟹","looparrowleft":"↫","looparrowright":"↬","lopar":"⦅","Lopf":"𝕃","lopf":"𝕝","loplus":"⨭","lotimes":"⨴","lowast":"∗","lowbar":"_","LowerLeftArrow":"↙","LowerRightArrow":"↘","loz":"◊","lozenge":"◊","lozf":"⧫","lpar":"(","lparlt":"⦓","lrarr":"⇆","lrcorner":"⌟","lrhar":"⇋","lrhard":"⥭","lrm":"‎","lrtri":"⊿","lsaquo":"‹","lscr":"𝓁","Lscr":"ℒ","lsh":"↰","Lsh":"↰","lsim":"≲","lsime":"⪍","lsimg":"⪏","lsqb":"[","lsquo":"‘","lsquor":"‚","Lstrok":"Ł","lstrok":"ł","ltcc":"⪦","ltcir":"⩹","lt":"","GT":">","Iacute":"Í","iacute":"í","Icirc":"Î","icirc":"î","iexcl":"¡","Igrave":"Ì","igrave":"ì","iquest":"¿","Iuml":"Ï","iuml":"ï","laquo":"«","lt":"{var t=e&&e.__esModule?()=>e.default:()=>e;return r.d(t,{a:t}),t},r.d=(e,t)=>{for(var n in t)r.o(t,n)&&!r.o(e,n)&&Object.defineProperty(e,n,{enumerable:!0,get:t[n]})},r.g=function(){if("object"==typeof globalThis)return globalThis;try{return this||new Function("return this")()}catch(e){if("object"==typeof window)return window}}(),r.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),r.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})};var n={};(()=>{"use strict";r.d(n,{default:()=>e});const e={hydrate:function(e,t){var n=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:function(){},i=r(6651),s=r(2081),o=r(2986),a=o.default;return s.hydrate(i.createElement(a,e),t,n)}}})(),imageGallery=n.default})(); window.sliceComponents.imageGallery = imageGallery; var triggerHydrate = function() { window.sliceComponents.imageGallery.hydrate(data, componentContainer); } if (window.lazyObserveElement) { window.lazyObserveElement(componentContainer, triggerHydrate); } else { triggerHydrate(); } } }).catch(err => console.log('Hydration Script has failed for imageGallery-4 Slice', err)); }).catch(err => console.log('Externals script failed to load', err)); Image 1 of 3Nepenthes villosa, another of the poop-eating pitchers. (Image credit: Alastair Robinson)

The poop-eating pitcher plant Nepenthes edwardsiana. (Image credit: Alastair Robinson)

Nepenthes burbidgeae is another pitcher plant that now eats poop. (Image credit: Alastair Robinson)

Carnivorous pitcher plants use sweet-smelling nectar to lure in potential prey, which then fall into the tubular traps after slipping on the plants smooth surfaces. The poop-eating versions also lure in animals with their sugary syrups, but instead of tricking their targets, these plants allow the animals to feed on the nectar. As the animals take time consuming their sugary snack, they often defecate directly into the pitchers' tubes.

The evolution from traps to toilets was likely triggered because there are fewer insects at higher altitudes, researchers wrote in the paper. 

RELATED STORIES

—Fluorescent flashes reveal the leaf-closing secrets of 'touch-me-not' plant

—Plants evolved even earlier than we thought, exquisite 3D fossils suggest

—Plant leaves spark with electricity during thunderstorms — and that could be altering our air quality in unpredictable ways

"Insect prey is scarce on tropical peaks above 2,200 meters [7,218 feet], so these plants maximize nutritional returns by collecting and retaining fewer, higher-value nitrogen sources," such as animal droppings, Robinson said.

The results show that the higher up the mountain a pitcher plant resides, the more selective and resourceful they must be with their diet to obtain the nutrients they need, the team wrote.